What is Servo Motor and its different types?

A servo motor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise control of angular or linear position, velocity, and acceleration. In simpler terms, it is a small effective motor that is used in some serious applications that involve precise position control. 
A servo motor is controlled by sending an electoral pulse of variable width or pulse width modulation (PWM).

Different types of Servo Motor

There are two types of servo motor namely; AC and DC servo motors.

1- AC Servo Motor

They incorporate encoders that are used with controllers for providing feedback and closed_ loop control. Because they can be controlled, high accuracy can be maintained in regard to the application it is being required for. It has two further divisions that are a two_ phase AC and a three _phase AC.
The two_ phase AC servo motor is used for low power applications. The three _phase is utilized for applications where a high power system is required (the current in this type of machine is controlled in such a way that the torque and flux are decoupled. Decoupling leads to high speed and high torque response).  In order to achieve greater torque, these motors have advanced, better designs while other simpler designs use higher voltages in order to achieve this. 
Applications mainly involve robotics and automated manufacturing. For example, building a miniature walking robot, creating grippers or other mechanisms for small robots. Moving control surfaces on small model aircraft.

Advantages of AC Servo Motor

1. Offer more torque, efficiency, reliability and reduced frequency noise.
2. Require less maintenance.
3. Have a longer life expectancy.
4. The Encoder determines accuracy and resolution.

Disadvantages of AC Servo Motor

1.Complex because it requires an encoder.
2.Has poor motor cooling.
3. The Motor can be damaged by sustained overload.

2- DC Servo Motor

Most high power servo motors are mainly DC. It has a separate DC source in the winding and the armature winding field. The armature is designed to have large resistance so that the torque _speed characteristics are linear. Control can be achieved by either controlling the armature current or field current. A small change in the armature current brings about a significant shift in the position or speed of the motor. This motor offers very precise and also quickly react to start or stop commands due to the low armature inductive resistance. 


Applications of DC Servo Motor

1- Activate movements in robotics by enabling the arm to move to an exact angle.
2- Start, move and also stop conveyor belts carrying a product through various stages, example bottling, packaging.
3- Used in the camera to set a lens of a camera to enhance the focus of images.
4- Can be used in a solar tracking system to set the angle of the solar panel so that the panel stays to face the sun.
5- Used in textile industries to control knitting machines like spinning and weaving.
6- Used in the automatic door opening and closing in public places for example malls, hospitals.
7- The motor is also built into the camera to correct a lens of the camera to improve out of focus images.
8- Used in Radar systems and process controller.
Location: India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Human Machine Interface?

A human machine interface is any software or device that aids a person/operator to interact with a machine, device or system. With the world having changed through constant growth in technology and innovations, machines have become more sophisticated. Human Machine Interface (HMIs) has also been improved greatly so as to enhance easier interaction with the constant - new technology. HMIs can be found in multiple locations or applications be it in Automobiles, household appliances, handheld devices (smart watches, smartphones), machines, video games and a very wide range of applications in the industrial sector. Advantages of Human Machine Interface The advantages of Human Machine Interface are:  1- Improved Productivity A human machine interface improves the efficiency of a task that is being performed. Even though a person can perform a task, this kind of software/device enables more productivity. In an industry, using an HMI enables more work to be done in lesser time...
Read more

What are the applications of Limit Switch?

Image
This is a switch that is operated by the motion of a machine part. They are used to detect the presence of an object when it reaches a selected or desired point.  It is an electromechanical device that consists of an actuator which is mechanically linked to a set of contacts. The limit switch regulates the electrical circuit that controls the machines moving parts by preventing the travel of an object past a predetermined point in the mechanism. The switch activates when an object makes contact with the actuator and by doing so either breaks or forms an electoral connection. Most limit switches fall under two categories: 1- Maintained Contact Switch It means that when it is switched on, it stays on until you push it off (labeled On-Off-On). 2- Momentary Contact Switch It means that when you push on, it stays on while still pressing/holding on it but upon releasing its springs back to its maintained position (labeled On (or Off). How does a limit switch work? The swi...
Read more

Five things to know before buying Encoder Online

Image
Have you considered buying an encoder for the automation processes in your industry? Are you confused because you do not know which encoder to choose? Well, cheer up; you are reading just what you need. You will learn the essentials on the subject matter, “how to buy an encoder.” For the sake of context, there may be a need to clarify which encoder is being referred to in order for the writer and reader to be on the same page. Basically, an encoder is anything that converts data from one format to another. Bearing this definition in mind, an encoder can be a program, transducer, an appliance, or even a human. The transducer kind of encoder is the focus here. So, take your mind off the other examples of encoders. Why is an encoder important? It is essential because, in systems where machines are in constant motion, and machine components are constantly changing positions, there is a need for standardization and accuracy. An encoder can help you achieve this. But, which encoder do...
Read more